Smokers Face 15 Times Higher Risk of SSP: IGMC Shimla Study Reveals
Shimla – Long-term and heavy smokers are at a 15 times greater risk of developing Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (SSP) compared to non-smokers, according to a recent study conducted by Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC) Shimla.
SSP is a serious lung condition in which long-term damage causes weak spots in the lung membrane to rupture, allowing air to leak into the pleural cavity. This can cause sharp chest pain, difficulty in breathing, and may become life-threatening if not treated immediately.
The study analyzed 111 patients—75 with SSP and 36 with Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP). Alarmingly, 72% of all patients were found to be smokers.
To evaluate smoking habits, researchers used the Smoking Index—calculated by multiplying the number of cigarettes or bidis smoked per day by the number of years a person has smoked.
- Average Smoking Index (SSP patients): 190
- Average Smoking Index (PSP patients): 30
Risk Levels:
- Smoking Index <100: Low SSP occurrence
- Index 100–299: Significantly increased risk
- Index 300+: Over 50% of heavy smokers developed SSP
Key Findings:
The study found that a Smoking Index above 220 is a critical red flag, with 78% sensitivity and 81% accuracy in detecting SSP risk.
What is SSP?
SSP develops when delicate areas of the lungs form tiny air-filled blisters called blebs. When these burst unexpectedly, air escapes into the chest area, making it difficult to breathe and posing serious health risks. This condition is more common in patients with pre-existing lung diseases like tuberculosis, bronchitis, or pulmonary fibrosis.
Study Conducted By:
Dr. Shagun, Dr. Sunil Sharma, Dr. Malay Sarkar, and Dr. R.S. Negi led the research.
Conclusion:
Smoking is not just a cancer risk but also a trigger for sudden, life-threatening respiratory conditions. Doctors strongly recommend regular screening for smokers and immediate cessation of tobacco use.
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